Which drug treatment during pregnancy is associated with a condition of underdeveloped proximal tubules in a newborn?

The association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors with underdeveloped proximal tubules in newborns derives from the known teratogenic effects of these drugs when used during pregnancy. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed for managing hypertension and heart failure, but they can lead to significant fetal complications, particularly during the second and third trimesters.

Research indicates that exposure to ACE inhibitors can compromise fetal renal development. The kidneys are crucial for waste excretion and fluid balance, and improper development of structures like the proximal tubules can result in renal pathologies or impair normal kidney function after birth. Congenital anomalies related to the urinary system can manifest as a result of in utero exposure to these medications, emphasizing the importance of careful management of maternal hypertension during pregnancy.

While beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and anticoagulants have their own sets of risks and potential complications, they are not specifically linked to underdevelopment of the proximal tubules in the same manner as ACE inhibitors. Therefore, recognizing the impact of ACE inhibitors is crucial for anticipating and mitigating risks associated with pharmacological treatment during pregnancy.